这个猫仔长的特象Yoda
定谔的猫是奥地利物理学家埃尔温・薛定谔试图证明量子力学在宏观条件下的不完备性而提出的一个思想实验。实验内容如下：
把一只猫放进一个封闭的盒子里，然后把这个盒子连接到一个包含一个放射性原子核和一个装有有毒气体的容器的实验装置。设想这个放射性原子核在一个小时内有50％的可能性发生衰变。如果发生衰变，它将会发射出一个粒子，而发射出的这个粒子将会触发这个实验装置，打开装有毒气的容器，从而杀死这只猫。根据量子力学，未进行观察时，这个原子核处于已衰变和未衰变的叠加态，但是，如果在一个小时后把盒子打开，实验者只能看到“衰变的原子核和死猫”或者“未衰变的原子核和活猫”两种情况。
现在的问题是：这个系统从什么时候开始不再处于两种不同状态的叠加态而成为其中的一种？在打开盒子观察以前，这只猫是死了还是活着抑或半死半活？这个实验的原意是想说明，如果不能对波函数塌缩以及对这只猫所处的状态给出一个合理解释的话，量子力学本身是不完备的。
Last edited by Knowing on 2007-09-27 13:47, edited 1 time in total.
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Isn't the point of Schroedinger's experiment about the fact that quantum mechanics cannot definitively describe the state of a particle/wave? Observation is itself unreliable because it affects the state of the particle -- according to Heisenberg. Quantum mechanics can only give you a probability but not certainty.
量子力学本身是不完备的。Hmm. I'm not sure this conclusion is actually true any more. Seems like some physicists think the uncertainty of quantum mechanics is not a really a deficiency, but that we only THINK it's a deficiency because we are not used to describing the universe as probabilities. (At least that's the impression I got from mainstream tong1su2 books about physics.)
OK, I'm wholy ignorant of physics and don't actually understand most of this.
量子力学本身是不完备的。Hmm. I'm not sure this conclusion is actually true any more. Seems like some physicists think the uncertainty of quantum mechanics is not a really a deficiency, but that we only THINK it's a deficiency because we are not used to describing the universe as probabilities. (At least that's the impression I got from mainstream tong1su2 books about physics.)
OK, I'm wholy ignorant of physics and don't actually understand most of this.
Last edited by Jun on 2007-09-27 14:08, edited 2 times in total.
我都是让三妮随便踩的。 
